Virginia DEQ
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Industry-specific Resources
This page provides resources for state and federal rules and regulations as well as access to multimedia regulations and guidance materials. Industry sector resources are intended to provide small business clients with regulatory information and new ideas or solutions to some of their sector-specific challenges.
National Compliance Assistance Centers offer many tools to targeted industry sectors. They offer access to plain-language materials, websites and resources for environmental compliance.
Dry Cleaners NESHAP Subpart M Proposed Changes
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing amendments to the National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for dry cleaning facilities using perchloroethylene (PCE) as the cleaning solvent (PCE Dry Cleaning NESHAP). The proposed amendments address the results of the technology review for the PCE Dry Cleaning NESHAP, in accordance with section 112 of the Clean Air Act (CAA). Based on the findings of the technology review, the EPA proposes to add provisions to the rule which will require all dry-to-dry machines at existing major and area sources to have both refrigerated condensers and carbon adsorbers as secondary controls. For more information on the status of these proposed amendments please refer to the EPA Dry Cleaning Facilities Website.DEQ
Acrylic/Modacrylic Fiber (area sources) - LLLLLL (6L) Adopted by VA 11/15/2008; became effective in VA 3/18/2009
EPA’s National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants for Source Categories (Maximum Achievable Control Technologies, or MACTs) are located in 40 CFR Part 63, and incorporated by reference into Virginia’s regulations in Article 2 of 9VAC5 Chapter 60. These standards are listed in 9VAC5-60-100.
EPA
Acrylic and Modacrylic Fibers Production: National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) for Area SourcesEPA
- Clean Air Act Guidelines and Standards for Solvent Use and Surface Coating Industry
- Aerospace Industry & Air Transportation Industry
- Consumer And Commercial Products: Wood Furniture, Aerospace, And Shipbuilding And Ship Repair Coatings Determination
Additional Resources
- Aerospace Industries Association of America
AIA is the trade association representing the nation's leading manufacturers of commercial, military, and business aircraft, helicopters, aircraft engines, missiles, spacecraft, and related components and equipment. - Coating Alternatives Guide (CAGE)
CAGE is a pollution prevention tool which provides information on low-emitting alternative coating technologies to coatings users. - Paints and Coatings Resource Center (PCRC)
The PCRC provides regulatory compliance and pollution prevention information to coating facilities, industry vendors and suppliers, federal, state and local agencies, academia, and other interested parties. The site does contain information on the aerospace industry. To find aerospace related information, go to "Technical Database", "Search by Keyword" then enter "aerospace". - National Metal Finishing Resource Center (NMFRC)
Although the NMFRC is geared primarily toward the metal finishing industry, the site does contain information on the aerospace industry. To find aerospace related information, go to "Members", "Technical Database", "Search by Keyword" then enter "aerospace".
Virginia Regulations
Other State Agencies
- Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services
- Office of Agricultural Development
- Office of Pesticide Services
- Natural Resources Conservation Service Virginia-NRCS
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
- EPA's Agricultural web pages
- Laws and Regulations that Apply to Agricultural Operation by the following types of Farm Activity:
- Aquaculture
- Livestock and Poultry including beef, dairy, swine, poultry
- Crop production including nurseries, greenhouses, forestry
- Provision of Drinking Water
- Farm Facilities, Fuel and Equipment
- Buildings/Construction/Renovation
- Chemical Handling
- Air Emissions/Releases
- Wastes
- Rule and Implementation Information for the Pesticide Active Ingredient Production Industry
- Rule and Implementation Information for Phosphoric Acid/Phosphate Fertilizers
- EPA Office of Pesticide Programs
Federal Agencies
- U.S. Dept. of Agriculture (USDA)
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- U.S. House Committee on Agriculture
Associations Listed by Product
- American Bee Keeping Federation
- National Cattlemen's Beef Association
- National Chicken Council
- National Corn Growers Association
- National Cotton Council of America
- National Cotton Ginners Association
- United Egg Producers
- National Grain and Feed Association
- National Milk Producers Federation
- North American Millers' Association
- National Oilseed Processors Association
- National Pork Producers Council
- United Fresh Produce Association
- U.S.A. Rice Federation
- United Soybean Board
- National Turkey Federation
- National Association of Wheat Growers
General Resources
- AgGateway
- ChemAlliance
- CropLife America .
- Entomology and Pest Management Information
- Farm Bureau
- Farmland Information Center
- Greenbook: Your Crop Protection Resource
- Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy
- Successful Farming
Financial Resources
- Beginning Farmers-Funding Resources
- Farm Aid Hotline
- Farm Bill Programs & Grants Overview
- Sustainable Agriculture Grants
- USDA Grants and Loans
Staying Connected
- 5 Steps to Assistance-A guide on how to get technical and financial assistance from Natural Resources Conservation Service for Farms, Ranches and Forests
- EPA's Agricultural Newsroom is a collection of news releases, reports and articles of interest to the agricultural community.
- Join EPA's Agricultural Center News Service to receive updates on a variety of agricultural topics.
DEQ
- Emission Standards for Asphalt/Concrete Plants (Rule 4-10). Commonwealth of Virginia State Air Pollution Control Board Regulations for the Control and Abatement of Air Pollution 9VAC5 CHAPTER 40. Existing Stationary Sources. Part II. Emission Standards. Article 10.
- Emission Standards for Portland Cement Plants (Rule 4-16). Commonwealth of Virginia State Air Pollution Control Board Regulations for the Control and Abatement of Air Pollution 9VAC5 CHAPTER 40. Existing Stationary Sources. Part II. Emission Standards. Article 16.
EPA
Additional Resources
Asphalt Institute The Asphalt Institute is a U.S. based association of international petroleum asphalt producers, manufacturers, and affiliated businesses. The Asphalt Institute's mission is to promote the use, benefits, and quality performance of petroleum asphalt through engineering, research, and educational activities, and through the resolution of issues affecting the industry.
DEQ
- Visible Emissions and Fugitive Dust/Emissions (Rule 4-1). Commonwealth of Virginia State Air Pollution Control Board Regulations for the Control and Abatement of Air Pollution 9VAC5 CHAPTER 40. Existing Stationary Sources. Part II. Emission Standards. Article 1.
- Emission Standards For Asphalt Paving Operations Commonwealth of Virginia State Air Pollution Control Board Regulations for the Control and Abatement of Air Pollution 9VAC5 CHAPTER 45. Consumer and Commercial Products. Part II. Emission Standards. Article 7.
Additional Resources
- Asphalt Institute The Asphalt Institute is a U.S. based association of international petroleum asphalt producers, manufacturers, and affiliated businesses. The Asphalt Institute's mission is to promote the use, benefits, and quality performance of petroleum asphalt through engineering, research, and educational activities, and through the resolution of issues affecting the industry.
What regulations might apply to me?
- Emission Standards for Automobile and Light Duty Truck Coating Application Systems
- Emission Standards for Mobile Equipment Repair and Refinishing Operations
EPA
Air Pollution from Auto Body Shop Operations
These activities generate four major types of air pollutants that might impact human health and the environment, if they are not controlled properly:
- Volatile organic compounds (VOCs);
- Hazardous air pollutants (HAPs);
- Dust (particulates) from sanding and painting; and
- CFCs/HFCs from motor vehicle air conditioning refrigerants.
What are VOC's? Most paints, surface preparation solutions, and solvents used for mixing paint and cleaning equipment contain VOCs and HAPs. VOCs are non-water liquids that evaporate. When VOCs evaporate into the air and combine with sunlight, they produce ground-level ozone (otherwise known as “smog”), which can worsen asthma, damage lung tissue, and contribute to serious respiratory illness. Ozone can also damage agricultural crops.
What are HAPS? Air pollutants that have been determined to be quite harmful to humans have been designated by Congress as Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAP’s). Some HAPs can cause immediate irritation and harm when touched, eaten, or inhaled, others can cause longer term damage such as cancer, lung disease, skin condition, neurological disease, and birth defects. Some chemicals that are HAPs are also regulated by OSHA and state agencies under occupational health and safety rules. The majority of HAP’s are VOC’s. HAP’s that are not VOC’s are particulates.
What are Particulates? Dust comes from welding, sanding activities (sanding dust) and over-spray from spray painting (painting dust). Welding fumes/dust and sanding dust can contain toxic metals, such as lead, arsenic, cadmium and chromium, and is considered dangerous to workers and people in your community. These toxic metals are examples of particulates that are considered Hazardous Air Pollutants. Potential adverse health effects from dust might be aggravating diseases like asthma and bronchitis. Exposure can come from breathing the dust, getting the dust in food, or bringing the dust home on clothes so others might be exposed.
What are CFCs/HFCs? Air conditioning refrigerants, such as R-12 (CFC-12, Freonâ), and R-134a (HFC-134a), which are found in vehicle air conditioners are also regulated chemicals. In this case the chemicals are chlorofluorocarbons (CFC) and hydroflurocarbons (HFC), and are directly regulated by the US Environmental Protection Agency. If CFCs or HFCs evaporate or vent from your shop, they rise into the upper atmosphere and destroy the ozone layer. The ozone layer protects the earth from ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The potential increase in the amount of UV radiation increases the risk of skin cancer and other damage to humans, plants and animals.
SURFACE PREPARATION
Controlling dust (particulates) and odor from sanding and painting
If your shop uses hand sanding or mechanical sanders to remove paint and body filler from cars, chances are good that dust (particulates) generated from sanding can travel outside your shop. Refinishing operations as well as welding can also create dust and odors that can be harmful or offensive to your customers, workers and neighbors. You must take reasonable precautions to prevent sanding dust from leaving your shop.
- Utilize adequate containment methods, such as a ventilated sander, dust collection system, or sanding enclosures, etc.
- Don't allow any fugitive dust to leave the shop.
Reducing fumes, VOCs, and HAPs from paints and solvents
Surface preparation for auto body work involves the use of solvents for wiping the auto body surface and for removing old paint prior to applying coatings. The solvents often contain HAPs and VOCs. Paints and thinners also contain HAPs and VOCs that evaporate into the air. Because solvents, paint strippers, paints, and thinners can cause dangerous air pollution, state and federal regulations require that you take steps to minimize risks to your workers and the community.
- Store fresh and used coatings, thinners, and solvents in non-absorbent, non-leaking containers with closed lids and labeled.
- Keep containers for fresh and used coatings, thinners, and solvents closed (lids on and labeled) at all times except when filling or emptying.
- Store cloth and paper, or other absorbent applicators, moistened with coatings, solvents, or cleaning solvents in closed, non-absorbent, non-leaking containers.
- Mix paints ONLY according to manufacturers' instructions. Avoid over-diluting.
- If you use cold solvent cleaners, only purchase solvents with a vapor pressure of 1 mmHg at 68°F. Check with your solvent supplier to find out the vapor pressure of the solvents you buy. You can also find vapor pressure information on the products’ Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), but be sure that the vapor pressure given is for 68°F.
SURFACE COATING/PAINTING
Efficient Painting Techniques
Use only the following coating application techniques:
- Any non-atomized application technique (e.g., flow/curtain coating, dip coating, roller coating, brush coating, cotton-tipped swab application coating, electrodeposition coating, etc.)
- High Volume Low Pressure (HVLP) spraying
- Electrostatic spray
- Airless spray
- Other coating application methods that achieve emission reductions equivalent to or greater than those achieved by HVLP or electrostatic spray application methods. DEQ must approve.
Application Techniques Exempt from regulatory requirements:
- Airbrush application methods for graphics, stenciling, lettering, and other identification markings.
- An application of coatings sold in non-refillable aerosol containers; and
- Application of automotive touch-up repair finishes materials.
Cleaning Spray Guns and Equipment
Be sure to properly clean all spray guns and your spray booth after each coating application. This ensures proper operation and removes leftover coating products from the coating cup, lines, and nozzle. If you use products for cleaning spray guns and spray booths that contain hydrocarbon-based solvents the cleaning waste must be managed as hazardous waste.
You must clean spray guns properly using the approved methods specified under the Virginia Air regulation.
Use only the following methods to clean spray guns:
- An enclosed spray gun cleaning system that is kept closed when not in use. (Enclosed spray gun cleaning machines use less solvent than traditional methods and reduce spent solvent disposal costs.)
- An unatomized discharge of solvent into a paint waste container that is kept closed when not in use.
- Disassembly of the spray gun and cleaning in a vat that is kept closed when not in use.
- Atomized spray into a paint waste container that is fitted with a device designed to
capture atomized solvent emissions.
Your coatings and spray gun vendors may be able to provide advice and suggestions.
Additional Links
EPA LINKS
Training
- Coordinating Committee for Automotive Repair (CCAR)
- I-CAR
- SprayItRight - On-Line Painter Training (Iowa Waste Reduction Center)
Filing for a Petition
- EPA-Sample Petition for Exemption
- Virginia Specific Exemption Form
- Paint Vendors - Lists of products containing 6H compounds
Does this apply to me?
The Carbon Black Production (MMMMMM) area source category includes any facility that produces carbon black by the furnace black process, thermal black process, or the acetylene decomposition process, but at an emissions rate of 10 tons per year for one hazardous air pollutant (HAP), or 25 tons per year of combined HAPs.
Entities Potentially Affected:
| Description | NAICS Code |
| Area source facilities that manufacture carbon black using the furnace, thermal, or acetylene decomposition process | 325182 |
Virginia Delegation Info:
| Subpart | EPA Promulgation | VA Adoption | VA Effective |
| MMMMMM (6M) | 72 FR38864, 07/16/07 | 11/16/08 | 03/18/09 |
EPA
Additional Resources
- ChemAlliance Regulatory information for the chemical process industries
- American Chemistry Council
- Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturers Association The Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturers Association (SOCMA) is the leading trade association serving the specialty-batch and custom chemical industry since 1921.
- Household and Commercial Products Association The Household and Commercial Products Association (HCPA) is the premier trade association representing companies that make and sell products used for cleaning, protecting, maintaining, and disinfecting in homes and commercial environments.
- American Chemical Society
- National Association of Chemical Distributors The National Association of Chemical Distributors (NACD), established in 1971, is an international association of chemical distributor companies that purchase and take title of chemical products from manufacturers.
- Petroleum Marketers Association of America The Petroleum Marketers Association of America (PMAA) is a federation of 43 state and regional trade associations representing approximately 8,000 independent petroleum marketers nationwide.
- Plastics Industry Association Founded in 1937, the Plastics Industry Association is the trade association representing one of the largest manufacturing industries in the United States.
- Rubber Manufacturers Association RMA is the primary national trade association for the finished rubber products industry in the U.S. Comprised of two divisions, the General Products Group and the Tire Group.
DEQ
EPA
- Consumer Products National Volatile Organic Compound Emission Standards for Consumer Products
EPA Fact Sheets Consumer and Commercial Product, Section 183(e) Rules
DEQ
- Commonwealth of Virginia State Air Pollution Control Board Regulations for the Control and Abatement of Air Pollution 9 VAC 5 CHAPTER 40. Existing Stationary Sources. Part II. Emission Standards. Article 4. Emission Standards for General Process Operations (Rule 4-4).
National Environmental Compliance Assistance Center
EPA Office of Compliance
Background
Dry cleaning facilities using perchloroethylene are subject to the National Perchloroethylene Air Emission Standards.
Federal Regulation
Subpart M—National Perchloroethylene Air Emission Standards for Dry Cleaning Facilities
Training and Workshops
- Mid-Atlantic Association of Cleaners - Regional Association for dry cleaners serving the DC, MD, VA & WV. Contact them at MidatlanticAssociation@comcast.net or call if you have questions: 800-235-8360 or 301-570-3000
- Leak Detection Monitoring Tutorial (credit to Iowa Air Emissions Assistance Program)
- VA DEQ Environmental Compliance Refresher -
Virginia DEQ Regulations, Guidance and Forms
- DEQ Compliance Calendar for Dry Cleaning Facilities
- Virginia Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program (VELAP) - Information for Hazardous Waste generators
Federal EPA and OSHA Regulations and Guidance
- National Perchloroethylene Air Emission Standards for Dry Cleaning Facilities
- Fact Sheets-Air Toxics Standards for Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaners
- Reducing Worker Exposure to Perc in Dry Cleaning
- RCRA In Focus: Dry Cleaning (English)
- OSHA Standards, Hazards Recognition, Possible Solutions and Additional Information Related to Dry Cleaning
On-Line Resources
- Drycleaning & Laundry Institute International
- Cleaner & Launderer
- American Drycleaner
- National Clothesline
Korean Language Resources
- 요약 정보 – 환경보호국 (EPA) 의퍼클로로에틸렌 (Perchloroethylene) 드라이 클리너 개정 규정--(Summary: Rule and Implementation Information for Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaning Facilities)
- RCRA In Focus: Dry Cleaning (Korean)
Remediation
- DEQ Voluntary Remediation Program (VRP)
- State Coalition for Remediation of Drycleaners Information on characterizing and remediating dry cleaners
News
1-Bromopropane to be added as a Hazardous Air Pollutant
On June 12, 2020, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) finalized its decision to grant petitions from the Halogenated Solvents Industry Alliance (HSIA) and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (NYSDEC) to add 1-bromopropane, also known as n-propyl bromide (nPB),to the Clean Air Act (CAA) list of air toxics.
The EPA is planning in a future action to modify the CAA section 112(c)(1) source category list to add a new source category that would cover 1–BP emissions from all dry cleaning operations.