• Land application, storage, and distribution and marketing of biosolids 
• Land application and storage of industrial wastewater or residuals 
• Land treatment of industrial and municipal wastewater 
• Animal Feeding Operations (AFOs): General VPA permits are available for qualifying livestock and poultry operations. Some Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations  may require a VPDES permit. (Refer to the AFO Permits page for permit application instructions.) 
• Reclamation and reuse of municipal and industrial wastewater: These activities may be authorized by a VPDES or VPA permit. There are a wide variety of pre-approved urban, agricultural, construction, and industrial reuses of reclaimed municipal wastewater. Other reuses of reclaimed wastewater may be approved on a case-by-case basis. 
• On a case-by-case basis, other activities that have the potential to cause a point-source discharge 

• Land application of products regulated by the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, with the exception of the distribution and marketing of biosolids, which also requires a VPA or VPDES permit 
• The introduction of sewage, industrial waste, or other pollutants into publicly owned treatment works by indirect dischargers 
• Any introduction of pollutants from nonpoint source agricultural or silvicultural activities, including runoff from orchards, cultivated crops, pastures, range lands, and forest lands (except for the production area of certain AFOs) 
• Return flows from irrigated agricultural land 
• Land disposal activity, including onsite waste treatment, when this activity is authorized by a Virginia Department of Health permit 
• Discharges authorized by EPA under the Safe Drinking Water Act Underground Injection Control Program (UIC), and approved, in writing, by DEQ 

Authority to regulate activities that may impact state waters is given by §62.1-44.15 of the Code of Virginia. The over-arching regulation for the VPA permit program is found in 9VAC25-32-10 et seq. Below is a list of applicable laws and regulations. 

State Water Control Law

• § 62.1-44.15:6. Permit fee regulations. 
• § 62.1-44.16. Requirements for actual or potential discharges of industrial wastes: Virginia law defines industrial wastes as “liquid or other wastes resulting from any process of industry, manufacture, trade, or business or from the development of any natural resources.” 
• § 62.1-44.17. Requirements for other wastes: Virginia law defines other wastes as “decayed wood, sawdust, shavings, bark, lime, garbage, refuse, ashes, offal, tar, oil, chemicals, and all other substances except industrial wastes and sewage which may cause pollution in any state waters.” 
• § 62.1-44.19:3. Requirements for land application and marketing/distribution of biosolids (treated sewage sludge) 
• § 62.1-44.19:3.3. Requirements for septage disposal 
• § 62.1-44.19:3.4. Requirements for notification of local governing bodies prior to issuance of permits for treated sewage, biosolids (treated sewage sludge), or stabilized septage 

State Water Control Board Regulations 

• 9VAC25-20 Fees for Permits and Certificates 
• 9VAC25-32 Virginia Pollution Abatement (VPA) Permit Regulation 
• 9VAC25-740 Water Reclamation and Reuse Regulation 
• 9VAC25-790 Sewage Collection and Treatment Regulations 

1. Identify the appropriate checklist for the type of activity proposed. 
2. Review the checklist and identify the appropriate application form(s) required. 
3. Review the applicable forms.  
4. Contact the DEQ Regional Office that covers the area where the activity will be proposed or the DEQ Office of Land Application Programs to request a “pre-application meeting.” In your request, describe the proposed project and the forms you have reviewed. A pre-application meeting may be held in-person or virtually and will be essential in ensuring a smooth application process. 
5. Submit the VPA permit application and fee after you have met with DEQ in your pre-application meeting.